The Niger Delta of Nigeria is the largest mangrove Forest in Africa and the chief source of wealth to the Nigeria state. This naturally endowed region has become a hot bed of hostage taking, violence, insurgency, crude oil bunkering and gang war. This paper writes on the causes and effects of militancy and kidnapping in the Niger Delta region, its implication on Nigeria economy and transnational cooperating in the region. The study adopts the Marxian political economy approach. It relied heavily on primary data. The study reveals that the tensions that rob the region of its peace and stability were the long years of neglect and the people’s quest to get a reasonable share of the states resources. The study also examine the role of the Nigeria state in ameliorating the situation. It recommends that current measures at restoring peace and infusing a massive infrastructure in the area should be maintained. Lastly, the provision of life sustaining skills for the youths of the region sho.
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This study attempts to discern the palpable causes of anti-oil protests in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria. The study is necessitated by the need to situate the crisis in the Niger-Delta region in historical perspective. In line with this, what appears to be the federal government response to the crisis are isolated and discussed. It is found that one of the issues causing disaffection in the region is breach of promises and dashed hopes from the government and the oil companies operating there. Our conclusion emphasizes the need for consensus building as well as participatory approach to conflict resolution in the region. In the last three decades, the Niger Delta region, the centre of Nigeria’s oil wealth has been the scene of protest, sometimes violent, against the repressive tendencies of the Nigerian state on the one hand and against the recklessness, exploitative and environmentally unfriendly activities of oil Multinationals on the other hand. The violence has taken terror dimensions. Such violent agitations have claimed thousands of lives, other thousands displaced and inestimable properties have been destroyed rendering the region one of the most dangerous zones to live in Nigeria today. The research looked at the genesis of the crisis, the threats it poses to human and national security and the policies that have been adopted by the Nigerian state to curtail and control the crisis. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents identified for the study within the FCT. The study shows that the genesis of the terrorism, kidnapping and hostage taking going on in the Niger Delta region was caused by poverty, unemployment and long years of economic deprivation. Also respondent believe the government has the political will and ability to resolve the issue and that the establishment of the NDDC, Niger Delta development Master Plan and the Amnesty programme offered the militant will help tackle the insecurity in the Niger Delta. Respondents are also of the opinion that JTF has performed very well in tackling the terrorism going on there. We then concluded that government should continue to pursue the development and reclamation of degraded land in the Niger Delta region due to oil exploration and address the grievances of the region.
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For years, the people of the Niger Delta were at logger-head with the Nigerian government. The objective of this study was to examine the reasons for this situation. The study specifically assessed the role failure of the Nigerian government to address the grievances of the Niger Delta people played in causing and escalating the crisis in the region. Data were obtained from secondary sources and content analysis done. The analysis revealed that the frustration of the people of the Niger Delta resulting from the failure of the Nigerian government to satisfy their socioeconomic needs led them into and escalated the orgy of violence witnessed in the region. Specifically, the frustration was caused by the devastation of the environment of the region, pervasive poverty and underdevelopment, legislations of disempowerment and subjugation, inability to control the crude oil resource and suppression of the people by the machinery of the state. A conclusion was reached to the effect that Nigerian government is largely responsible for the orgy of violence in the region. In this sense, some recommendations were made to find lasting solution to peace in the region and prevent future re-occurrence. The limitations of the study were highlighted and the need for future research direction was also suggested.
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The paper examined kidnapping as a vice in the Nigerian society has emerged as a lucrative focus. The paper used the secondary source of data and adopts the historical approach in its analysis. The analysis shows among other things that the rising poverty, bad governance, unemployment, compensation by oil companies (multinational) to host communities and government wrong policies to the plight of the people are the major factors that have lead to the rising activities of kidnapping that has emerged as industry and this is a threat to the security of the nation and has affected the nation's economy. On the basis of the findings of this paper, we suggest that government at all levels should put in place reforms that will reduce poverty and unemployment in the country to strengthen the security of the nation.
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Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences
This paper is an attempt to critically examine global energy geopolitics and the factors associated with persistent and resilient conflicts in Nigeria, Niger Delta. Adopting the critical international political economy approach, the paper argues that most of the strategies aimed at restoring lasting peace and development in the oil producing communities of the Niger Delta are largely an incentive for insurgency, a reward for crime and a vicious cycle, aimed at benefiting the political elite without any real development for those that actually need it in the oil-rich region. If development intervention program of the state and multinational companies must work, it has to go beyond just huge revenue allocation or the symptomatic action of pacifying militants and take a holistic approach using the examples of countries like Norway, United Arab Emirate and Kuwait. The Niger Delta oil producing communities should look beyond continuous agitation for increasing revenue allocation, to incl.
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This study focuses on the birth of militancy in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria and the disarmament of the group by the administration of Late President Umar Musa Yar'Adua. Before the advent of Boko Haram menace in Nigeria, one major event that attracted a wide range media attention both locally and internationally is Militancy in the Niger delta Region of Nigeria. There is documented evidence that Niger Delta armed insurrection did not begin with MEND. The struggle for resource control and self-determination by the region of Niger Delta could be traced to the Militia activities spear-headed by Isaac Adaka Boro in the mid-1960s and to recently more violent militancy, war lorded by the likes of Tompolo, Asari Dokubo and Henry Okah Militancy in the Niger Delta was predicted upon the perpetual socioeconomic and political neglect of the oil rich region by the Government of Nigeria. Unlike the past administrations that turned deaf-ear to the plight of the region, the administration of President Yar`Adua saw the importance of amnesty and disarmament program to restore peace in the troubled region. The amnesty initiative undoubtedly yielded a positive result not only in the region and the benefit of this initiative translated into an increased revenue inflow to the Government in the post-amnesty period.
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This research work investigates the activities of the Niger Delta militants and how it affects the developmental strides of the Nigerian economy. We use primary data with a target population of students, oil company workers, civil servants, public servants, farmers, and entrepreneurs in Bayelsa State being the main hob of militancy and very rich in oil production than any other state. Tables were constructed to show the level of responses and their percentages. In the end, Chi-Square was used to test the relationship between militancy and the economy. The results revealed that militancy has a strong significant effect on crude oil production/supply as well as the Nigerian economy. Militancy in the Niger Delta Region has led to the loss of revenue accruable to the Federal Government of Nigeria. The activities of militants in the Niger Delta Region have significantly affected business life, create unemployment and devastated human lives in the Niger Delta region. Militancy also supports illegal bunkering. Abstract-This research work investigates the activities of the
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UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities
The resurgence of militancy in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and Delta State in particular has reached a seemingly high level, which has contributed to the crumbling economy of Nigeria as these series of attacks on oil facilities have reduced the barrel production of crude oil per day in the region. This has posed an imminent threat with the ongoing economic meltdown in the country. The identified reasons have been the cutbacks on the amnesty arrangements, the environmental degradation and continuous deprivation of the oil rich regions from the proceeds of the oil derived from their region and demand for ownership of the region by residents which has affected sustainable development in Delta state. This work however, through the means of empirical study, pinpoints the several reasons for the resurgence of militancy in the Niger Delta region and its effect on sustainable development in Delta state and the viability of the group’s bluff in crippling the Nigerian economy. The Study.
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The continuedmilitancy activities in the oil-rich delta region is a future mirror of doomsday for Nigeria"s peaceful atmosphere, political and economic settings.There are identified issues from the region, the claims by the governments of being rational and, the claims of neglect, deprivation and marginalisation by the people from the region. Based on this diverse point of views, this study observedthe fundamental issues and the various claims upon which are regarded as a position and basis for the faceoff. The study relied on the context analysis of the secondary data such as newspapers report, government white papers, articles and journals etc. The study found that, the continuous and frequency of militancy uprising and security challenges in the Niger Delta region is asa result ofsome aggressive youths who still felt that, they were being deprived and neglected despite several attempts made by the government to salvage the situation. The study outlined the approach adopted in solving the problem so far and indeed observed that the situation remains precarious as a result of political corruption. The study recommends the departure from thevarious amorphous programmesby the federal governments which many of the politician from the region see as a means to enrich themselves and do goodonly to their pockets rather than helping the Niger Delta region as a whole.
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International Journal of Political Science, Law and International Relations
